consensus
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  • Blockchain Consensus Encyclopedia Infographic
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  • Introduction
  • Blockchain Consensus?
  • Glossary
  • Categorizing consensus
  • Chain-based Proof of Work
    • Proof of Work (PoW)
    • Proof of Meaningful Work (PoMW)
    • Hybrid Proof of Work (HPoW)
    • Proof of Work time (PoWT)
    • Delayed Proof of Work (dPoW)
    • Proof of Edit Distance
    • ePoW: equitable chance and energy-saving.
    • Semi-Synchronous Proof of Work (SSPoW)
  • Chain-based Proof of Stake
    • Delegated Proof-of-Contribution (DPoC)
    • Secure Proof of Stake (SPoS)
    • Hybrid PBFT/Aurand
    • Proof of Stake (PoS)
    • Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS)
    • Proof of Stake Time (PoST)
    • Proof of stake Boo (PoS Boo)
    • High Interest Proof of Stake (HiPoS)
    • Asset PoS (APoS )
    • Traditional Proof of Stake / Tiered Proof Of Stake (TPOS)
    • Casper the Friendly Finality Gadget (FFG)
    • Correct By Construction (CBC) Casper
    • Variable Delayed Proof of Stake (vDPOS)
    • Proof of Stake Velocity
    • Magi's Proof of Stake (mPoS)
    • Leased Proof of Stake (LPoS)
    • Delegated Proof of Importance (DPoI)
    • Leasing Proof of Stake (PoS/LPoS)
  • Chain-based Proof of Capacity/Space
    • Proof of Process
    • Proof of capacity (PoC)
    • Proof of Signature (PoSign)
    • Proof of Retrievability (POR)
    • Proof of Location
    • Proof of Reputation (PoR)
    • Proof of Proof (PoP)
    • Proof of History
    • Proof of Existence
    • Proof of Research (DPoR)
    • Proof of Activity
    • Proof of Weight (PoWeight)
    • Proof of Zero (PoZ)
    • Proof of Importance
    • Proof of Care (PoC)
    • Raft
    • Proof of Value (PoV)
    • Proof of Participation (PoP)
    • Proof of Believability
    • Proof of Stake (POS) / Proof of Presence (PoP)
    • Proof of Ownership
    • Proof of Quality (PoQ)
    • Proof of Space (PoC)
  • Chain-based Hybrid models
    • GRANDPA
    • Proof of authority (PoA)
    • Ethereum Proof of Authority
    • Limited Confidence Proof-of-Activity (LCPoA)
    • Proof of Work (PoW) / Nexus Proof of State (nPoS) or Nexus Proof of Holding (nPOH)
    • Proof of Activity
    • Proof of Work (PoW) / Proof of Stake (PoS) / Proof Of Care (PoC)
    • Proof of work (PoW) / High Interest Proof of Stake (HiPoS)
    • Proof of Work (PoW) / PoM / PoSII
  • Chain-based Proof of Burn
    • Proof of Processed Payments (PoPP)
    • Proof of Burn (PoB)
    • Proof of Time
    • Proof of Stake (PoS) / Proof of Disintegration (PoD)
  • Chain-based Trusted computing algorithms
    • Proof of Elapsed Time (PoET)
  • Chain-based PBFT and BFT-based Proof of Stake
    • leaderless BFT dual ledger architecture
    • Albatross
    • asynchronous BFT protocol
    • BFTree
    • Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT)
    • Delegated Byzantine Fault Tolerance
    • Federated Byzantine Agreement
    • HotStuff
    • LibraBFT
    • Modified Federated Byzantine Agreement (mFBA)
    • Ouroboros
    • Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance
  • Chain-based others
    • Proof of Trust (PoT)
    • Proof of Devotion
    • Snowglobe
    • Avalanche
    • Serialization of Proof-of-work Events (Spectre)
    • Scrypt-adaptive-N (ASIC resistant)
  • Chain-based DAG
    • BlockFlow
    • Direct Acyclic Graph Tangle (DAG)
    • Hashgraph
    • Block-lattice - Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs)
  • Magi's proof-of-work (mPoW)
  • Common Attacks
  • Performance indicators
  • ThresholdRelay
  • Holochain
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  1. Chain-based Proof of Work

ePoW: equitable chance and energy-saving.

PoW based on equitable chance and energy-saving.

PreviousProof of Edit DistanceNextSemi-Synchronous Proof of Work (SSPoW)

Last updated 6 years ago

Hdac uses ePoW as a consensus algorithm for creating new blocks and connecting them to the blockchain. ePoW refers to “PoW based on equitable chance and energy-saving.” The Hdac algorithm considers these two as its basic philosophy.

The ePoW consensus algorithm can reduce the number of nodes participating in PoW and motivates the participation of multiple mining nodes. As a result, we intend to prevent energy waste due to excessive hashing power for mining competition and distribute equitable mining opportunities.

Hdac ePoW is a consensus algorithm that reduces the mining monopoly by applying the block window concept. It reduces the wasteful energy consumed in the hash calculation by avoiding spontaneous mining attempts during the block window application period once the mining is successful. If a node succeeds in mining, no new block can be mined during the block window application period. Even if a greedy node neglects this mechanism and succeeds in mining a new block, it will not be recognized as a valid block in the entire Hdac blockchain network, thus eliminating the need to try to find an invalid block.

The block hash must satisfy the data specification according to the degree of difficulty and should not be within a given block window (time spacing). This block window size can be expressed in the form of a time function, Ws = f(t). “F(t)” is a function that increases in proportion to time, and therefore the window size gradually increases with time. This means that there is a great opportunity for early participants, and over time, it becomes increasingly difficult for certain mining nodes to monopolize mining and more equitable distribution can be achieved.

The ePoW block window is a system that gives certain constraints on mining attempts after succeeding in mining in a certain PoW cycle. The block window size (Ws) is defined as, f(t) = [(N*0.7) x (cumulative number of blocks currently (t))] / (cumulative block number for 10 years (tm)), and the node factor (N) is calculated from the list of recent successful mining nodes. The reason for the arrival time of the maximum block window size (Wm) being 10 years is because it is set to reach the point of more than 80% of the total block generation by that time.

Pros

  • Reduce the number of nodes participating in PoW,

  • Motivates the participation of multiple mining nodes which get equitable mining opportunities,

Used in

HDAC

HDAC WhitePaper

https://www.hdactech.com
https://github.com/Hdactech/doc/wiki/Whitepaper#consensus-algorithm
Image Credit – HDAC Whitepaper - ePoW consensus algorithm
Image Credit – HDAC Whitepaper